Division of Cardiology

Level 2, Month 4 and More to Level 3 (Comprehensive Echocardiography/Doppler/TEE/Intraoperative Echo/3D Echo/Stress)

Educational Purpose 

During the last 6-9 months of echo training in the third year, fellows seek to complete level III training in echocardiography. The goal is to independently perform these procedures and be able to direct a laboratory. Fellows are expected to pursue clinical research in echo, and adequate time and mentorship for the performance of clinical research under supervision of the echo attending is provided.

The goal is to obtain level 3 as detailed in year 3, month 2.

Topics Covered: Sentinel Medical Knowledge and Patient Care Skills 

  • paradigms in assessment of systolic and diastolic function
  • interventional echocardiography (TEE/ICE) during PFO/ASD closure, during PBMV (Weiler)
  • chronotropic resynchronization therapy (CRT)
  • AV optimization (post CRT A-V delay adjustments)
  • echo in transplant rejection
  • assessment of LVAD function

Clinical Encounter Experiences 

  • patients with bi-ventricular pacing
  • patients with PFO/ASD
  • patients with mitral stenosis
  • patients with heart transplant and LVAD

Teaching Methods 

Teaching methods are detailed in year 3, month 2.

Fellows pursue advanced-level bedside training in TEE as described in year 3, month 2.

Fellows participate in teaching conferences as described in year 2, month 3.

Procedure Types Performed 

Fellows perform a complete transthoracic echocardiography exam, stress echos, and transesophageal echo as detailed in procedure types, year 2, month 3.

Service Types Performed 

Fellows perform service types as detailed in year 3, month 2.

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